Self Disclosure Is Vital For Intimate Relationships

Self-disclosure is the process of deliberately revealing information about oneself that is significant and would not be normally known to others. Self-disclosing is vital for intimate relationships, and it can strengthen bonds and provide liberating relief. People, however, fear rejection so any type of personal information shared can be difficult. The amount of self-disclosure depends on the importance of the relationship, the intimacy of the relationship and if the risk of disclosing is worth the end result. During the week, a friend of mine and I had a deep conversation about the evolution of our opinions regarding religion. We were both concerned with the reaction from our families because what they believe in is so engrained in their mind, that any diversion from it would not be taken well. Because of this, the subject was and still is a very personal subject for me. Later that night I spoke with Mano about the discussion my friend and I had, seeking more self-validation that I was not the only one who felt this way. However, he barely showed any interest in the subject, and made a joke of it. I was irritated but decided not to go any further because, if nothing else, I am a peacekeeper. Also, when people dismiss my thoughts, I take that as a sign that they do not care about them, so I keep quiet about it. Communication climate refers to the way people feel and treat each other during an activity, not the activity itself. Many factors influence communication climate byShow MoreRelatedSocial Penetration Theory : Crazy, Love1117 Words   |  5 Pagesoldest daughter, and how it leads to an intimate and in-depth relationship. Through the process of self-disclosure and the depth and breadth of penetration, social penetration is achieved. Social psychologists Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor founded the social penetration theory (SPT), which explains the advancement of relational closeness. Social penetration is defined as â€Å"the process of developing a deeper intimacy with another person through mutual self-disclosure and other forms of vulnerability†Read MoreAnalysis Of 500 Days Of Summer1714 Words   |  7 Pagesdepth and breadth of penetration is revealed in this movie. Firstly, the breadth of penetration is described by the Griffin (2009); â€Å"the range of areas in an individual’s life over which disclosure takes place†¦The breadth is the amount of information we disclose between two people.† In the case of the relationship between Tom and Summer we learned about, Tom’s breadth is his job, a fan of The Smith, and where he is from. In addition, for Summer, her breadth learned about her job, a fan of The SmithRead MoreEssay The Looking Glass Theory1623 Words   |  7 Pageslook ing glass theory and self-concept as they pertain to Shrek, Donkey, Princess Fiona, and Prince Farquar. Your answer needs to address the components of self. In your answer, include how self-concept affects the way that they communicate. Remember that communication includes cognitive, listening and speaking processes. According to the looking glass theory, we use others as a mirror to see ourselves and we imagine what others think of us then include these imaginings in our self concept. In the movieRead MoreShrek the Third and Princess Fiona1637 Words   |  7 Pageslooking glass theory and self-concept as they pertain to Shrek, Donkey, Princess Fiona, and Prince Farquar. Your answer needs to address the components of self. In your answer, include how self-concept affects the way that they communicate. Remember that communication includes cognitive, listening and speaking processes. According to the looking glass theory, we use others as a mirror to see ourselves and we imagine what others think of us then include these imaginings in our self concept. In the movieRead MoreThe Social Penetration Theory the Uncertain Reduction Theory Implications on the Sales Process1334 Words   |  6 Pageswhen arriving to new a destination or more commonly when meeting a new person. In order to reduce the unpleasant feeling, people tend to seek information about the uncertain and by that creating more comfortable feelings, and more predictable relationships in case of communication with other people. â€Å"Coping with uncertainty is a central issue in any face-to-face encounter, whether interactants are conscious of this fact or not† (Uncertainty Reduction Theory Then and Now. Charles R. Berger), butRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory By Irwin Altman And Dalmas Taylor1787 Words   |  8 Pages Introduction Relationships are like onions, they take time to open up and you have to peel layer by layer to get to the center. Life happens, people come and go and the relationships that are made happen over time. A relationship is built over prolonged exposure to someone and they do not happen over night. When you first meet a person most judge, they look at a person’s appearance, their behavior, and their overall attitude. But as time goes on and you get to know someone on a moreRead MoreAttachment Styles And Friendship Maintenance2398 Words   |  10 Pagesmost essential forms of emotional support for humans. Healthy emotional support provides a level of security for individuals and a place to feel cared for and loved. However, friendships are not studied and researched nearly as much as romantic relationships. Friendships are just an important part of maintaining a healthy well-being but little research ahs been done into the processes and maintenance of friendships (Oswald, Clark, Kelly, 2004). For this reason this study will focus on the maintenanceRead MoreThe Importance Of Relationship Development810 Words   |  4 PagesHuman relationships are a fundamental part of life. Studying relationship development is key to understanding why people interact the way they do. To figure this out, it is important to understand how relationships change as we grow older, how the internet affects our relationships, how we remember important points in a relationship, and how rituals affect the quality of a relationship. Learning how these aspects of relationship development work together to build and maintain relationships betweenRead MoreMaintaining A Healthy Relationship?1116 Words   |  5 PagesMaintaining a Healthy Relationship By Tianna Leon, Arizona State University (http://www.womenshealthmag.com/ author/tleon/) November 23, 2015 Nowadays good relationships are hard to come by, especially ones that are long lasting. Even if you do luck up, sometimes you can’t always determine that the relationship is fifty-fifty. Maintaining a healthy relationship is both essential and takes a lot of hard work. Surely, the definition of a healthy relationship alters between each couple, but whenRead MoreDevelopment Of Online Dating And Technology1881 Words   |  8 Pagesterms of dating or making friends through self- disclosure. Self-disclosure means reveal self to others, especially private things, and Jourard (1959) pointed that through this process of communication others could have an understanding of the person. To achieve intimate relationship, self-disclosure is one vital base (Lambert, 2013), and a research shows that interviewers through CMC (computer mediated communication) performed higher range of self-disclosure than those who interviewed in person (Joinson

Sex Trafficking A Modern Day - 1360 Words

Praise Ohabor Social Change Paper SOCI 1013 November 18, 2015 In current day and age, sex trafficking is referred to as â€Å"modern-day† slavery, where sex is sold through the use of forcible behavior, and the victim is coerced by those running the deals. According to the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, the term sex trafficking is defined as, â€Å"the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for the purposes of a commercial sex act, in which the commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such an act has not attained 18 years of age† (Sex Trafficking.) Sex trafficking is a huge epidemic that is spreading all over the country and is ranked the second highest revenue intake in the world, falling behind the movement of drugs (Shively.) This modern day slavery consists of those that are over 18 and minors committing sexual acts for some type of compensation. Those that are under 18 are seen as victim of sex trafficking because th ey are minors (Sex Trafficking.) The law sees that those who are under 18 are seen as the victims, whether they were coerced or not. The area of sex trafficking ranges from all ages and demographics. Men, women, and children can all fall victim to it. In this field of money, those that appear as vulnerable are the easiest targets because in most cases they are searching for someone or something to ease them of their misunderstanding.Show MoreRelatedModern Day Human Sex Trafficking1151 Words   |  5 PagesModern Day Human Sex Trafficking With the advances in technology society now mainly uses cellphones and the internet as means of communication; traffickers see this as an opportunity, by using technology as a tool to reach victims from all around the world, as well as buyers. However, as traffickers are adapting to the online market for trafficking, technology is also creating ways in which we can identify traffickers and victims. Sex trafficking has been around for centuries, howeverRead MoreSex Trafficking Is Modern Day Slavery1175 Words   |  5 PagesSex trafficking is basically modern day slavery. It’s terrible, sex traffickers use violence, threats, and lies to compel and trick not only adults, but innocent children to get involved in commercial sex acts against their will. Not only that, but in different countries like Algeria and Cuba they are also dealing with sex trafficking but sometimes the children or adults are used and forced labor upon them. It’s sad and sickening. These sex traffickers take these people and children away from theirRead MoreSex Trafficking: Modern-day Slavery Essay1131 Words   |  5 PagesSex trafficking according to the National Human Trafficking (2000) is defined as a modern-day form of slavery in which a commercial sex act in induced by force, fraud or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such an act is under the age of 18 years. Sex traffi cking is mostly comprises of force, fraud and underage women or men to engaged in unwilling activities in order to get what they need in life. Most often people are brought to the United State specifically in search of job butRead MoreSex Trafficking : A Form Of Modern Day Slavery1344 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent branches of human trafficking, but sex trafficking, a form of modern day slavery, has become more prevalent in the world today. Sex trafficking is defined as â€Å"The enslavement of unwilling people who are coerced into a condition for sexual exploitation† (Jefft 221). â€Å"It has been estimated by the U.S. State Department that between 700,000 and 2,000,000 people are trafficked each year worldwide, and 80% of them are being exploited as sexual slaves† (Territo 3). Sex trafficking is a common problemRead MoreSlavery : A African American Slave1518 Words   |  7 Pageseconomic, and racial factors that influence slavery, even in modern time. Of course, we know that slavery in the 1800’s was extremely racial in that only blacks were enslaved. However, looking at the statistics as we talk about slavery, it has become widely apparent to me that slavery is largely associated with specific races as well as economic status. In today’s world there are also other types of slavery, such as child trafficking, forced labor/debt bondage, criminal exploitation, ect. And eachRead MoreSex Trafficking : A Common Issue For A Long Time1394 Words   |  6 Pages Sex trafficking can happen everywhere. People do not even realize when it is happening. Someone could be living their life, just as they normally do, and decided to go to the mall. Sometimes they may not even know that a little kid is going to be kidnapped, and later raped. This is what sex trafficking is. Sex trafficking is commonly defined as when violence, drugs, lies, or any other form of coercion is used to force another person to have sex against their will. (Sex Traffick ing in the U.S, 1)Read MoreSex And Sex Trafficking1310 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects Poverty has on Sex Trafficking Suffering from poverty makes life unbearable at times and is hard to escape from. Most individuals that live in poverty are vulnerable and have little hope to improve their lives. Being vulnerable and having no hope for life can often leads to desperation. Sex trafficking and become a means of survival for these individuals. Low income is a major cause for sex trafficking. Sex trafficking can become a reason for a single mother to feed her children or canRead MoreSex Trafficking : An Important Social Issue That Affects Vulnerable People1482 Words   |  6 PagesLastName 1 Firstname Lastname Professor Maritato Introduction to Speech - Comm V01 Sex Trafficking General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: By the end of my speech, the audience should be able to explain what sex trafficking is and how it takes place domestically and abroad. Central Idea: Sex trafficking is an important social issue that affects vulnerable people. Introduction: When K. was 14 years old, she fell in love with her horseback riding instructor. She dreamed that they would be in loveRead MorePersuasive Essay On Sex Trafficking1094 Words   |  5 PagesSex trafficking is becoming more and more of a problem as time moves on. Sex trafficking is the recruitment, harbouring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for the purpose of a commercial sex act, in which the commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion [Internet Safety 101]. Sex trafficking is increasing due to the evolution of modern day social services and sources. From safety sources, it is the 2nd fastest growing criminal industry [Internet Safety 101]. More andRead MoreThe Slavery Of The United States1603 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The history of enslaving humans for the benefit of labor, sex, and financial gain runs deep and parallel to the existence of civilization. While a small portion of the history of slavery reflects a more humane and less brutal treatment of those in servitude, such as the Babylonian slaves of 18th century BC who were permitted to own land; contrastingly, most slavery practices historically have been established in a foundation of violence and control, such as the slaves of ancient Greece

Such a Beautiful Play A Streetcar Named Desire Journal Entry

Such a beautiful play. Entering the work, along with the reader, is Blanche. The fact that the reader is essentially carried into the story is important as the character with the most emotion is Blanche. She enters the play covered in white, which at this point can be taken in one of two ways. White, obviously, signifies purity. A woman who was still a virgin would dress in white to show off to possible suitors. The description also says â€Å"suit; a suit is generally wore by a man; a suit wore by a woman would be seen as a sign of power, that she was equitable to any man. It could, however, be taken another way; the same reason women wear makeup; a faà §ade. Blanche is a fake woman, someone who is â€Å"50% illusion† and in love with â€Å"magic.† With†¦show more content†¦The death continues later with the loss of Mitch, her sanity, rape, and institutionalization. It was Elysian Fields where she was supposed to go, not continue the path of death. She left Laurel in a dream, but reality caught up with her. This passage foreshadows the continuance of death, and that she does not belong in this heaven, and will be removed from it soon enough. â€Å"The way it was† is a pattern in so many literary works; seeking the past because it is safe and familiar. Stanley is bewitching Stella in this scene, reminding her of the past and the beauty that it was. The â€Å"colored lights† are as dazzling to Stella as shiny metal trinkets are to a magpie. She loves the simple glitz Stanley can provide. â€Å"Behind the curtains† lies Blanche, which is both indicative of her obsession with leaving her life concealed behind a veil for fear of shame, and the obvious meaning that they live in such a small home with nothing to hide. Nothing to hide, nothing to hide an Elysian Fields; nothing to hide in heaven, all cards on the table, something Blanche can not possible conform to. She fears the truth, yet it is the truth that would give her pass to a life of perhaps happiness, if only she accepted what cannot be changed. Instead she hides from it, something a plain man like Stanley can not possibly stand for. Above is laughter, contrast to Blanche’s heavy feelings. Stella lights the candle, which Blanche opposes for fear of wasting them when a young boyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Black Swan2789 Words   |  12 PagesChapter I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Desire is a natural characteristic of every human being, the writer believe that every single person in the world have desire to get something that really want. According to the vdictionary, the definition of desire is very deverse, desire means to wish for earnestly, to covest, to express a wish for, to entreat, to request, to require, the natural longing that is excited by the enjoyment or the thought of any good, and impels to actionRead MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 Pages..................................................................... 49 Hippocrates (Father of Modern Medicine) ............................................................................................... 51 Personal Experience: Learning to play the piano ........................................................................................................................ 53 Traveling Abroad ...............................................................................................Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pagesrestricted to PMPs. Job seekers, in general, are finding that being PMP certified is an advantage in the marketplace. PMI recently added a certification as a Certified Associate in Project Management (CAPM). CAPM is designed for project team members and entry-level project managers, as well as qualified undergraduate and graduate students who want a credential to recognize their mastery of the project management body of knowledge. CAPM does not require the extensive project management experience associated

The Comparison of the Position of Women in Girl, by Jamaica Kincaid, and The Werewolf, by Angela Carter Essay Example For Students

The Comparison of the Position of Women in Girl, by Jamaica Kincaid, and The Werewolf, by Angela Carter Essay Both Girl, by Jamaica Kincaid, and The Werewolf, by Angela Carter are the stories concerning about women position; therefore, in this essay, I am going to illustrate the position of women in these two stories according to two points of view: the individual point of view and the social point of view to work out the point that although there are some differences between the position of women in these two stories, but the similarity outweigh the differences, they are the lowest ones in the society. Firstly, if standing on the point of view of the young girls in the stories, which is the individual view, we can see the girl in Werewolf has a stronger position comparing with the position of the girl in Girl. To illustrate this point, my first reason is that what they need to face is totally different, the girl in Girl has a traditional woman-liked position; she needs to learn washing clothes, cooking, sewing, ironing, housekeeping, and also behaving like a lady. What her mother tells her to do prepares her to be a perfect, sweet and traditional woman and wife. In the story, her mother says dont squat down to play marblesyou are not a boy (523) and on Sundays try to walk like a lady and not like the slut you are so bent on becoming (523), which attribute to the traditional woman-liked position of the girl in Girl. On the other hand, what the girl in Werewolf needs to do is totally different from the girl in Girl. She needs to overcome many obstacles and risks. Firstly, she is required to accomplish the task of bringing cakes to her grandmother knowing that she herself may come to many dangers, such as the wolves, and then she is so unlucky to come across a wolf, which means she needs to f ight against it only counting on her fathers hunting knife, at last, a tragedy that her grandmother is actually the werewolf comes to her. Now, do you think the role she is playing is still a little girl under the circumstance that she has come over so many crises? She is acting like a hero, a man. The writer has given the girl in Werewolf a man-liked position, a position stronger than the position of the girl in Girl since what the girl in Werewolf needs to do is more risky and heavy. The second reason why the girl in Werewolf has a stronger position comparing with the position of the girl in Girl according to the individual point is that their characters and attitudes are totally different. In Girl, the girl has a character which totally suits the character of a traditional woman, soft, weak and obedient. As we can see in the story, the girl never says anything to respond to her mother during the so long instruction of how to be a traditional woman, except for one time that her mother tells her not to sing benna on Sundays or in Sunday school, her daughter eventually cant endure her accuse anymore; therefore, she says: I dont sing benna on Sundays at all and never in Sunday school.(523) Nevertheless, it was the only time the girl fights against her mother. She is so obedient that she continues to absorb everything her mother says without pointing out any question or opinion. At the end of the story, she responds to her mother again, the significance is that her r esponse is not an against one, but a response supporting her mother. Information Technology And Expansion Of The Europe EssayFurthermore, I have to mention something more about the consequence of the society forcing the women. In Girl, although the mother is keeping telling her daughter the instruction to suit in the society, she has also mentioned about how to bully men at the very end of the story: this is how to bully a man; this is how a man bullies you;(523), which I consider she is telling her daughter how to protect herself in spite of her wish to make her daughter a follower to that society. In Werewolf, we can see the same situation the old woman is protecting herself. As she is in the lowest position in that society, she feels hungry and helpless. She needs to protect herself from being lonely and hungry. Because of this, she accepts herself to become a villain and to eat her granddaughter. To both of the women in these two stories, their behaviors are acceptable since its just a way to protect them while standing on their positions of being bullied. Nevertheless, in the social point of view, their actions are considered to be an aggressive one, which means they are fighting against the society, I have to admit that its true since their actions are not acceptable to the society; therefore, the society considers them the enemies as everyone thinks that the old woman in Werewolf is the evil in the society. Actually, the real evil is the society since what she does is what the society forces her to do. The old woman in Werewolf is very poor since she is not the winner at the end and it shows how powerful the society is. It controls everything, no matter what you do, you cant be the winner and this causes the very low and obedient position of women in the society. To conclude my second point of view, I think both the positions of women in these two stories are very low and unnoticed. I have to emphasis that in Werewolf, the significance focuses on the old women while in Girl, the significance focuses on all the women. Furthermore, we can know more in these two stories, which is that their positions are like a circle, never stop, from one generation to another one. To conclude all of my points, although there are some differences between the positions the young girls in these two story, I think the difference is the way the author of Girl wants to make her story unconventional, although the girl in Girl has a heroic image in the society where woman is unnoticed, it doesnt mean that the girl wants to fight against the society, it is just a unique characteristic in Girl. Therefore, I dont consider we can see the real position of woman in Girl by the position of the young girl, which means that the individual point of view is a way to show the individual positions in these stories. My idea is that I think the social point of view is more important than the individual point, which means that the similarity outweighs the difference. The position of women in these stories is very low and unnoticed.

The Influence of Constructivism Essay Example

The Influence of Constructivism Essay Determining the Influences of Soviet Propaganda on Contemporary Advertising and Promotion The purpose of this study is to look at the representation of political ideology on Soviet posters and the ways in which this style continues to influence today’s advertising and popular culture. Though there are many forms of propaganda the forms of propaganda I intend to discuss in this essay are visual. The areas I aim to further my understanding of are the representation of political ideologies on today’s contemporary popular culture. I intend to investigate the idea that the Constructivists created the blueprint for modern consumerism and methods of advertising. I will investigate semiotics and Marxism in context with my study. In today’s society of consumerist culture I think the topic of propaganda is interesting as I feel propaganda goes hand in hand with advertising. In today’s society we are relentlessly saturated with loaded words and images, for this reason I wanted to investigate the origins of consumerism and today’s advertising. The purpose of Soviet propaganda was to create a new type of world; Lenin wanted to remodel the world under Socialist Realism and visual propaganda played an important part in this. Using propaganda to influence people’s thoughts and actions by making them act on feelings rather than rational thought. I am going to investigate the idea that soviet Marxist ideology continues to influence To illustrate my idea I am going to discuss the semiotics of a Soviet poster designed by Alexander Rodchenko for Gosizdat (fig. ) in 1924 the poster is a typical example of the stark, distinct and timeless design of the era. The poster features Lilia brick, a muse of Vladimir Mayakovsky and later Alexander Rodchenko. The poster was designed as mass spread agitprop intended to spread the ideals of Socialist Realism with its vision of a widespread literate society. The simplified bold graphic is typical of the work produced during the Constructivist movement; the lack of decoration or of represen tational depiction of objects ties in with the movement’s aims to keep the production purely informative and functional. Art that fails to become part of life will be catalogued in the museum of archaeological antiquities† (Rodchenko The poster features a woman, Lilia Brick, wearing a kerchief; clothes of the proletarian workers. This design and its message was calculated so that the proletarian of Russia would relate and engage with the message the image conveys. The woman is shouting â€Å"Books† inside a trapezoid shape, as most of the population were illiterate it was necessary for the image to be understood visually. Pictures indeed could be more potent than writing because they ‘impose meaning at one stroke’ but semiotic communication could extend beyond both the verbal and the visual† (Visual Culture, Richard Howels, 2003, page 100) Personally, I think this is a timeless image but I don’t think it is very understandable without th e text. It is an example of the constructivist’s novel experiments with juxtaposition and photography. Contemporary posters and graphics are testament to the strength of design this age produced. We will write a custom essay sample on The Influence of Constructivism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Influence of Constructivism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Influence of Constructivism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer To further illustrate my idea I am going to discuss the semiotics of three advertising images and compare them with the Gosizdat (fig. 1) 1924 Lilia Brick poster from the Soviet era, which they are derivative of. The images I will discuss come from a broad spectrum in popular culture. I will look at an image from a political campaign, a mobile phone advert and a popular indie band. In order to sell and appeal, it is my opinion that these products and ideologies have borrowed the connotations of power and directness that these Soviet posters command. A humorous take on poster from the Barak Obama campaign featuring a dog in the place of Lilia Brick became a hit on the Internet. This suggests the poster has widespread appeal on masse. The poster was not affiliated with the campaign. An example of the Gosizdat posters influential use in advertising can be viewed in a Greek advert for Vodaphone mobiles (fig. 2), here the semiotics are not entirely saying the same thing as in the poster designed for Gosizdat (fig. ), in this version it is depoliticised. The poster itself comes with an extra subtext thanks to its history; the viewer can take meaning from this as well as the intended message to advertise Vodaphone. The art of the past no longer exists as it once did. Its authority is lost. In its place there is a language of images. What matters now is who uses that language for what purpose. (Berger, 1972, p. 33) The anonymous woman in the poster is supposed to be shouting some sort of offer or Vodaphone; the anonymous woman in the p oster is in black and white creating an interesting juxtaposition against the bright colour scheme. The image of the woman seems slightly more ‘cut-out and pasted in’ than the other example images. I feel this could be derivative of the Constructivists experimentation with photomontage. It is in a sense ironic that these posters are now being used to promote capitalism given that the political ideology at the time was to do with Communism. A statement made by art critic Andrew Graham-Dixon backs this up; he says in BBC4 programme The Art of Russia: Smashing the Mould â€Å"this was totally new to use words like this and that is one of the paradoxes that Rodchenko and Mayakovsky give to the West the visual language of Capitalism†¦because they are inventing advertising† (M2 PRESSWIRE-10 November 2009-BBC: The Art Of Russia on BBC Four(C) 1994-2009 M2 COMMUNICATIONS RDATE:09112009) The second example of the influence of the poster for Gosizdat (fig. ) is in the album artwork for Franz Ferdinand’s 2005 album You Could Have It So Much Better (fig. 3). The semiotics suggests the same as with the last two reworks. The band reworked two other Constructivist posters for two more of their singles artwork; This Fire 2004 (fig 4) is derivative of the El Lissitzky poster Beat the Whites with the Red Wedge 1919 and Take Me Out 2004 (fig. 5) is a rework of Aleksandr Rodchenko’s One-Sixth Part the World Post er 1923 (fig 6). The illustrator and graphic designer Shepard Fairey who created the affiliated Obama campaign posters deliberately took inspiration from Soviet posters when creating the Obama Hope (fig. 7) poster. The work of Neville Brody further backs up the ideology behind the movement and that today’s designers draw much inspiration from Constructivism. Bold design and typography classic are time enduring. The semiotics of these images have connotations of empowerment. What matters is that design is a way of reflecting social undercurrents. The Futurists supported Mussolini, whereas Rodchenko was a socialist revolutionary. I draw a sense of dynamism and optimism with no intention of a political connotation. If you look at some of Rodchenko’s paintings, you’ll see he anticipated abstract expressionism by a good 50 or 60 years. It’s so abstract, it’s completely apolitical. Rodchenko was more about humanism and humanitarianism than communism. †- Neville Brod y. Another direct example of a Soviet posters influence on recent popular culture is the occurrence of Red Wedge in the 80’s, this collective of musicians wanted to inspire young people to connect with the politics of the Labour government and inspire them to take charge of their political opinions. A lithographic poster inspired the name for this movement: Beat the Whites with the Red Wedge 1919 (fig. 8); a poster designed by Constructivist artist El Lissitzky. The Red Wedge’ logo was also inspired by the poster and designed by graphic designer Neville Brody. In the 1980s there was a revival of politically fuelled art, Neville Brody reworked the typography of the Soviet era in popular magazine The Face (fig. 9). Jenny Holzier’s Protect Me from What I Want, 1998 (fig. 10) is sending out a political message in a very simplified way just as the Constructivists did. â€Å"Holzer writes messages which are not in â€Å"her† voice but in styles that mimic the anonymous voices of authority† government, education and advertising† (Toby Clark, Art and Propaganda, 1997, page 155) The film created in the time of Soviet Russia was also influential. It has had an affect on the film production and movie editing of today. The film Battleship Potemkin, a silent film directed in 1925 by Eisenstein is one of the first examples of evocative film editing and of propaganda in film, it served as a warning against rebellion toward the government, such was the influence of this film, people at the time of its release who viewed it believed these were real events. The films this influence is apparent in are The Untouchables and Brazil. In my opinion the imagery of the Soviet era is incredibly iconic and it is not surprising that it has been borrowed time and time again. It seems evident from the examples in the text that everything from companies and politicians and popular culture will continue to borrow some of the imagery and iconography that the Constructivists strived to create, it is interesting that the artistic movements at the time of the Soviet era are not known as well as some. I have come to the conclusion that Soviet idealism has influenced much of today’s culture though the message is obviously not the same. I think the much of the advertising inspired by The Constructivists is clever as it can tap into what makes an image iconic. Companies that use the Russia propaganda style of imagery are looking to give their product cult status and iconography. With reworking of the Soviet and Constructivist style the designers are borrowing some of that power. In a world where we are saturate by advertisements the ones inspired by Constructivism are most successful in my opinion.

Income inequality essayEssay Writing Service

Income inequality essayEssay Writing Service Income inequality essay Income inequality essayIncome inequality is an important issue in the USA. There exist many factors which are assumed to drive income inequality: discrimination, social differentiation, the impact of geographic location and neighborhood, etc. Income inequality is high in the developed countries, and the processes of globalization tend to aggravate inequality. In particular, the incomes of upper and middle class citizens tend to increase, and the incomes of bottom middle and low-income class further decline. Income inequality also depends on the state: for example, in 2009 the lowest income inequality was witnessed in Maine while the highest income inequality was recorded in Texas (Noah, 2013).Some of the growth of income inequality is attributed to the increasing power of multinational corporations, global financial institutions and people possessing great power. In 2011, an international movement named â€Å"Occupy† emerged; the goal of this movement is to achieve greater equ ality in the distribution of income and resources among people. The leaders of this movement state that income inequality undermines democracy and leads to social instability (Noah, 2013).Structural factors shaping income inequality are interrelated with the governmental policies, decisions and strategies. Income inequality has many negative consequences for the society such as the lack of opportunities for young people, low social mobility, discrimination, increased level of stress and aggression, etc (Reardon Bischoff, 2011). Among the factors influencing income inequality there are the policies pertaining to unemployment insurance and minimal wages, tax reforms and changes, tax policies and programmes of income support (Banerjee, 2010).Furthermore, income inequality itself causes more dangerous social tendencies such as the segregation of affluence and poverty and deterioration of low-income communities. Income inequality is assumed to relate to gender, but the research data ass ociated with income inequality also indicate that there might exist gender stratification or the stratification of particular social groups pertaining to income.It is important to analyze existing distribution of income in the context of racial/ethnic differences, gender differences and social groups formed by different combinations of racial/ethnic and gender characteristics. It is likely that there are several vulnerable social groups which are struggling to overcome income inequality. Studying the specifics of income inequality is important because addressing this social issue will help to enhance social stability, might contribute to the reduction of crime and strengthening of the economy in general.Research questionThe major research question considered in this paper is formulated as follows: â€Å"Among U.S. adults, how does the level of income differ between gender and race/ethnicity?†. The data for this analysis will be based on the data of Current Population Survey ( CPS) which was conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics by the U.S. Census Bureau. It should be noted that instead of absolute income values, income groups will be considered in order to establish more precise borders for identifying income inequality.HypothesesIn this research, there will be three major hypotheses. Hypothesis 1: Among U.S. working adults, differences in income level exist between genders. Hypothesis 2: Among U.S. working adults, differences in income level exist between different races/ethnicities. Hypothesis 3: Among U.S. adults, differences in income level exist between the different social locations created by race/ethnicity and gender.Basing on the preliminary analysis of sources devoted to studying income inequality, it is possible to assume that there exists gender-based income inequality and income inequality related to race/ethnicity. Therefore, the initial assumption is that both Hypothesis 1 and Hypothesis 2 are correct. Furthermore, it is assumed tha t there are specific social locations for which income level difference is statistically significant, i.e. that Hypothesis 3 also holds.

Teaching Strategies to Promote Student Equity

Teaching Strategies to Promote Student Equity Designing a classroom learning environment where all students are being attended to (even the ones who may not seem to be engaged) may seem like an impossible task when you are in a classroom of twenty elementary students. Luckily, there are a host of teaching strategies that foster this type of learning environment. Sometimes these strategies are referred to as equitable teaching strategies or teaching so that all students are given an equal opportunity to learn and thrive. This is where teachers teach to all students, not just the ones that seem to be engaged in the lesson.​ Often times, teachers think they have designed this wonderful lesson where all students will be willfully engaged and motivated to participate, however, in actuality, there may only be a few students who are engaged in the lesson. When this happens, teachers must strive to structure their students learning environment by providing a place that maximizes fairness and allows all students to equally participate and feel welcomed in their classroom community. Here are a few specific teaching strategies that elementary teachers can use to promote student engagement and foster classroom equity. The Whip Around Strategy The Whip Around strategy is simple, the teacher poses a question to his/her students and gives every student the opportunity to have a voice and answer the question. The whip technique serves as an important part of the learning process because it shows all students that their opinion is valued and should be heard. The mechanics of the whip are simple, each student gets about 30 seconds to respond to the question and there is no right or wrong answer. The teacher whips around the classroom and gives each student the chance to voice their thoughts on the given topic. During the whip, students are encouraged to use their own words to describe their opinion on the set topic. Often times students may share the same opinion as their classmates but when put into their own words, may find out their ideas are actually a little different than they first thought.   Whips are a useful classroom tool because all students have an equal opportunity to share their thoughts while actively being engaged in the lesson. Small Group Work Many teachers have found integrating small group work to be an effective way for students to equally share their thoughts while staying engaged in the lesson. When educators structure opportunities that require students to work together with their peers, they are giving their students the best possible chance for an equal learning environment. When students are placed in a small group of 5 or fewer individuals, they have the potential to bring their expertise and thoughts to the table in a low-key atmosphere. Many educators have found the Jigsaw technique to be an effective teaching strategy when working in small groups. This strategy allows students to support one another in order to complete their task. This small group interaction allows all students to collaborate and feel included. Varied Approaches As we all know now after must research, all children do not learn the same or in the same way. This means that in order to reach all children, teachers must use a variety of approaches and techniques. The best way to teach equitably to a large number of students is to use multiple strategies. This means that the old singular teaching approach is out the door and you must use a variety of materials and strategies if you want to meet all learners needs. The easiest way to do this is to differentiate learning. This means taking the information that you know about the way each individual student learns and using that information to provide students with the best possible lesson. Studies have shown that using different strategies and techniques to reach different learners is the best possible way that teachers can cultivate a classroom of equity and engagement. Effective Questioning Questioning has been found to be an effective strategy to promote equity and make sure all students are actively being engaged. Using open-ended questions is an inviting way to reach all learners. While open-ended questions require some time to develop on the teachers part, it is well worth it in the long run when teachers see all students actively and equally being able to participate in classroom discussions. An effective approach when using this strategy is to give students time to think about their answer as well as to sit and listen to them without any interruptions. If you find that students have a weak answer, then pose a follow-up question and continue to question students until you are sure they have understood the concept. Random Calling When a teacher poses a question for his/her students to answer, and the same children constantly raise their hands, how are all students supposed to have an equal chance at learning? If the teacher establishes a classroom environment in a non-threatening way where students can be chosen to answer a question at any time, then the teacher has created a classroom of equality. The key to the success of this strategy is to make sure that students do not feel pressure or threatened to answer in any way, shape or form. One way that effective teachers use this strategy is to use craft sticks to call upon random students. The best way to do this is to write down each students name on a stick and place them all into a clear cup. When you want to ask a question you simply pick out 2-3 names and ask those students to share. The reason you choose more than one student is to minimize the suspicion that the only reason the student is being called upon is that they were misbehaving or not paying attention in class. When you have to call upon more than one student it will ease all students anxiety level. Cooperative Learning Cooperative learning strategies are perhaps one of the simplest ways teachers can effectively keep their students engaged while promoting equity in the classroom. The reason being is it gives students the opportunity to share their thoughts in a small group format in a non-threatening, non-biased way. Strategies like think-pair-share where students each take a specific role in order to complete a task for their group and round robin where students can equally share their opinion and listen to the opinion of others gives students the perfect opportunity to share their thoughts and listen to the opinions of others. By integrating these types of cooperative and collaborative group activities into your daily lessons, you are promoting participation in a collaborative versus a competitive way. Students will take notice which will help turn your classroom into one that cultivates equality. Enforce a Supportive Classroom One way teachers can cultivate a classroom of equality is to establish a few norms. A simple way to do this is to verbally address the students at the beginning of the school year and let them know what you believe in. For example, you can say All students are treated with respect and When sharing ideas in class you will be treated with respect and will not be judged. When you establish these acceptable behaviors students will understand what is acceptable in your classroom and what is not. By enforcing a supportive classroom where all students feel free to speak their mind without feeling or being judged you will create a classroom where students feel welcomed and respected.